Power Marcus, Newell Peter, Baker Lucy, Bulkeleys Harriet, Kirshner Joshua

In relation to the growing involvement of Brazil, India and China in the energy systems of Mozambique and South Africa,  the paper provides a better understanding of how the rising powers are influencing the changing relationships between low carbon and fossil-fuel based energy pathways and of the multiple roles they are playing in the development and transformation of energy systems, through the development of ‘niches’ where innovation can emerge, or in reinforcing or challenging existing ‘regimes’ or dominant ways of providing energy services.